Protegen ID Gene Name Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) NCBI Gene ID NCBI Nucleotide GI NCBI Protein GI Locus Tag Genbank Accession Protein Accession Protein Name Protein Annotation Molecule Role Molecule Role Annotation COG PMID 4473 M2AP Toxoplasma gondii ME49 7900755 237843035 TGME49_014940 DS984747 XP_002370815 Virulence factor MUTATION: M2AP mutant is attenuated for cell invasion and virulence in mice [Ref7011:Huynh et al., 2006].; 16385407 4474 MyoA Toxoplasma gondii 50400802 Myosin-A Virulence factor MUTATION: myoA mutant has severe impairment in host cell invasion and parasite spreading in cultured cells [Ref7012:Meissner et al., 2002].; 12399593 4475 MIC8 Toxoplasma gondii 13346486 13346487 AAK19757.1 microneme protein 8 Virulence factor MUTATION: MIC8 mutant is deficient for invasion in HFF, HeLa, and other cell types [Ref7013:Kessler et al., 2008].; 18319299 4476 ROP18 Toxoplasma gondii ME49 7894256 237840093 TGME49_052360 DS984739 XP_002369344 Virulence factor MUTATION: Transfection of the virulent ROP18 allele into a nonpathogenic type III strain increased growth and enhanced mortality by 4 to 5 logs [Ref7014:Taylor et al., 2006].; 17170305 4477 ROP2 Toxoplasma gondii 563627 ROP 2 Virulence factor MUTATION: Targeted depletion of ROP2 using a ribozyme-modified antisense RNA strategy resulted in multiple effects on parasite morphology because of a disruption in the formation of mature rhoptries, and an arrest in cytokinesis. The association of host cell mitochondria with the parasitophorous vacuole membrane was abolished and the ROP2-deficient parasites had a reduced uptake of sterol from the host cell. Furthermore, these parasites invaded human fibroblasts poorly and had markedly attenuated virulence in mice [Ref7015:Nakaar et al., 2003]. 12711703 4478 SAG1 Toxoplasma gondii ME49 7900172 237839159 TGME49_034370 DS984737 XP_002368877 Virulence factor MUTATION: a SAG1 mutant is attenuated in mice in an oral model of infection [Ref7016:Rachinel et al., 2004].; 15294991 4900 MIC2 Toxoplasma gondii 1923217 micronemal protein MIC2 Virulence factor MUTATION:A mic2 mutant is attenuated in mice [Ref7331:Huynh and Carruthers, 2006]. 16933991 4935 OMPDC Toxoplasma gondii ME49 7899615 237831731 TGME49_059690 DS984728 XP_002365163 Virulence factor MUTATION: An OMPDC mutant, alone or in combination with an UP mutation, is attenuated in mice [Ref7356:Fox and Bzik, 2010]. 20605980 4936 UP Toxoplasma gondii ME49 7900273 237830025 TGME49_110640 DS984727 XP_002364310 Virulence factor MUTATION: A UP mutant, in combination with an OMPDC mutation, is attenuated in mice [Ref7356:Fox and Bzik, 2010]. 20605980 5151 hsp70 12248795 Virulence factor Virulent parasites with reduced HSP70 expression displayed reduced proliferation in vivo, as measured by the number of tachyzoites present in spleens of infected mice. ; [Ref7558:Dobbin et al., 2002] 12097402 5159 SAG3 323650767 surface antigen 3 Virulence factor the null SAG3 mutants show attenuated infectivity, with a markedly reduced capacity to cause mortality in mice, whereas both wild-type and complemented mutants that re-expressed SAG3 were lethal at the same doses. [Ref7557:Dzierszinski et al., 2000]; 10931351 5160 MIC1 Toxoplasma gondii ME49 7896467 237838467 TGME49_091890 DS984735 XP_002368531 Virulence factor Individual disruption of MIC1 or MIC3 genes slightly reduced virulence in the mouse, whereas doubly depleted parasites were severely impaired in virulence and conferred protection against subsequent challenge. [Ref7559:Cérède et al., 2005]; 15684324 5161 MIC3 Toxoplasma gondii ME49 7901253 237841071 TGME49_119560 DS984741 XP_002369833 Virulence factor Individual disruption of MIC1 or MIC3 genes slightly reduced virulence in the mouse, whereas doubly depleted parasites were severely impaired in virulence and conferred protection against subsequent challenge. [Ref7559:Cérède et al., 2005]; 15684324 5162 NF3 672577341 nuclear factor NF3 Virulence factor TgNF3 has a direct role in transcriptional control of genes involved in parasite metabolism, transcription and translation. The ectopic expression of TgNF3 in the tachyzoites revealed dynamic changes in the size of the nucleolus, leading to a severe attenuation of virulence in vivo. [Ref7560:Olguin-Lamas et al., 2011]; 21483487 5163 GRA3 Toxoplasma gondii ME49 7895127 237834147 TGME49_027280 DS984730 XP_002366371 Virulence factor Dense granule protein3 (GRA3), which was found to have a higher expression in low virulent TgCtwh6 (Wh6) strain than that in high virulent TgCtwh3 (Wh3) strain.; [Ref7561:Li et al., 2014] 24678633 5164 GRA25 527311405 hypothetical protein Virulence factor In vitro experiments with a type II Δgra25 strain showed that macrophages infected with this strain secrete lower levels of CCL2 and CXCL1 than those infected with the wild-type or complemented control parasites. In vivo experiments showed that mice infected with a type II Δgra25 strain are able to survive an otherwise lethal dose of Toxoplasma tachyzoites and that complementation of the mutant with an ectopic copy of GRA25 largely rescues this phenotype.[Ref7563:Shastri et al., 2014]; 24711568 5165 TGME49_050770 Toxoplasma gondii ME49 7901351 237836123 TGME49_050770 DS984732 XP_002367359 Virulence factor The T. gondii eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) protein is expressed in the tachyzoite, but its expression is markedly downregulated in the bradyzoite, and it is therefore considered to be associated with tachyzoite virulence.[Ref7564:Chen et al., 2014]; 24841780 5197 Rop5 134035971 rhoptry protein 5 Virulence factor it is striking that deletion of the ROP5 cluster in a highly virulent strain caused a complete loss of virulence, showing that ROP5 proteins are, in fact, indispensable for Toxoplasma to cause disease in mice.[Ref7596:Reese et al., 2011]; 21436047 5198 eIF4A Toxoplasma gondii ME49 7901351 237836123 TGME49_050770 DS984732 XP_002367359 Virulence factor Eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF4A) is a newly identified protein associated with tachyzoite virulence.; [Ref7597:Chen et al., 2013] 23370151 5205 GRA7 5207 ROP5 Toxoplasma gondii strain GT1 334848096 BK008051 type I rhoptry protein 5 Virulence factor a family of serine/threonine protein kinases found in rhoptries (ROPs) play an important role in mediating Toxoplasma gondii virulence. Deletion of ROP5 greatly reduces virulence. [Ref7605:Behnke et al., 2011] 21586633 5210 MIC5 527308770 microneme protein MIC5 Virulence factor genetic ablation of the micronemal protein MIC5 enhances the normal proteolytic processing of several micronemal proteins secreted by Toxoplasma tachyzoites.; [Ref7607:Brydges et al., 2006] 16980407 5211 MIC5 5212 GRA6 37538307 Dense granule protein 6 Virulence factor the dense granule proteins GRA4 and GRA6 in cyst development since brain tissue cyst burdens were drastically reduced specifically in mutant strains with GRA4 and/or GRA6 deleted. Complementation of the Δgra4 and Δgra6 mutant strains using a functional allele of the deleted GRA coding region placed under the control of the endogenous UPRT locus was found to significantly restore brain cyst burdens.[Ref7608:Fox et al., 2011]; 21531875 5213 GRA4 527309516 dense granule protein GRA4 Virulence factor the dense granule proteins GRA4 and GRA6 in cyst development since brain tissue cyst burdens were drastically reduced specifically in mutant strains with GRA4 and/or GRA6 deleted. Complementation of the Δgra4 and Δgra6 mutant strains using a functional allele of the deleted GRA coding region placed under the control of the endogenous UPRT locus was found to significantly restore brain cyst burdens.[Ref7608:Fox et al., 2011]; 21531875 5214 GRA2 2506908 Dense granule protein 2 Virulence factor The survival rate of mice inoculated with Deltagra2 was significantly higher; some infected mice survived the acute infection, whereas all mice infected with the wild-type strain RH succumbed to early death. absence of GRA2 partially attenuates the virulence of T. gondii during the acute phase of infection and allows for establishment of chronic infection by the otherwise highly virulent RH strain.[Ref7609:Mercier et al., 1998]; 9712765 5218 rop16 296280509 rhoptry protein 16 Virulence factor Here we use genetic crosses between type II and III lines to show that strain-specific differences in the modulation of host cell transcription are mediated by a putative protein kinase, ROP16. Upon invasion by the parasite, this polymorphic protein is released from the apical organelles known as rhoptries and injected into the host cell, where it ultimately affects the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signalling pathways and consequent downstream effects on a key host cytokine, interleukin (IL)-12.[Ref7612:Saeij et al., 2007]; 17183270