Protegen ID Gene Name Sequence Strain (Species/Organism) NCBI Gene ID NCBI Nucleotide GI NCBI Protein GI Locus Tag Genbank Accession Protein Accession Protein Name Protein Annotation Molecule Role Molecule Role Annotation COG PMID 4832 NS1 Influenza A virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1)) 956533 8486133 FLUAVs8gp2 J02150 NP_040984 nonstructural protein NS1 Virulence factor MUTATION: Influenza virus with a deletion of the NS1 gene were highly attenuated in mice [Ref7259:GarcĂ­a-Sastre et al., 1998].; 9878611 4833 PB1 Influenza A virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1)) 956534 8486135 FLUAVs2gp1 J02151 NP_040985 polymerase 1 Virulence factor MUTATION: mutations eliminating expression of PB1F2 without afffecting the PB1 open reading frame were attenuating following intranasal inoculation [Ref7260:Zamarin et al., 2006].; 16873254 4984 M2 Influenza A virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/1934(H1N1)) 956528 56583270 FLUAVs7gp2 V01099 NP_040979 matrix protein 2 Virulence factor MUTATION: Mutant influenza virus that lacks the transmembrane and cytoplasmic tail domains of M2 (M2 knockout [M2KO]) from Influenza A virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1)) is attenuated in both cell culture and mice [Ref7399:Watanabe et al., 2009]. 19321619 5090 HA 159144920 159144921 ABW90135.1 hemagglutinin Virulence factor Determination of virulence for mice indicated that amino acid substitution in the HA gene of a low-virulent escape mutant produced a decrease of virulence whereas the additional mutation identical to that acquired by the escape mutant in the course of readaptation restored the virulence to initial level. The findings are the first strong evidence for lower H5N1 virus virulence resulting from the amino acid substitution changing the antigenic specificity of HA and for restored virulence arising from compensating mutation in the HA gene.[Ref7490:Krylov et al., 2010] 21260989 5116 PB2 Influenza A virus (A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996(H5N1)) 3654615 73852947 FLUAVH5N1_s1gp1 AF144300 YP_308664 polymerase PB2 Virulence factor The recombinant viruses with the PB2 (63T) mutation were less pathogenic to mice. [Ref7506:Li et al., 2011] 21367983 5117 PA Influenza A virus (A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996(H5N1)) 3654617 73852951 FLUAVH5N1_s3gp1 AF144302 YP_308666 polymerase PA Virulence factor The virulence of the reassortant bearing the PA gene from DK/49 in the GS/65 background increased 10(5)-fold relative to that of the GS/65 virus. [Ref7507:Song et al., 2011] 21177821